The global soybean market size was calculated to be USD 165.03 billion in 2024 and is anticipated to be worth USD 240.64 billion by 2033 from USD 172.09 billion In 2025, growing at a CAGR of 4.28% during the forecast period.
Soybeans plays a major role in the agricultural economy and the demand for soybean is driven by its extensive applications in food, feed, and industrial sectors. These also known as Glycine max are among the most widely cultivated oilseeds and are primarily grown for their high protein content and oil extraction. As of 2023, global soybean production is estimated to exceed 390 million metric tons, with the United States, Brazil, and Argentina being the dominant producers. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Brazil surpassed the U.S. in soybean production in 2023, reaching approximately 155 million metric tons, driven by increasing acreage and favorable climatic conditions. Meanwhile, the U.S. harvested around 113 million metric tons that reinforces its position as a leading exporter.
Soybean demand is fueled by the growing need for alternative protein sources, expanding biofuel production, and the rising adoption of soy-based dairy and meat substitutes. China remains the largest importer by accounting for over 60% of global soybean imports and are largely for its livestock sector. The ongoing geopolitical tensions and trade policies, particularly between the U.S. and China, continue to influence price volatility and supply chain dynamics. Additionally, the increased focus on sustainable farming practices and genetically modified (GM) crops shapes the industry's future.
The expanding livestock industry is a significant driver of the soybean market, as soybean meal serves as a high-protein feed for poultry, swine, and cattle. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), approximately 70% of global soybean production is processed into soybean meal, with the livestock sector consuming nearly all of it. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) projects global meat production to increase by 14% by 2030 particularly in Asia and Latin America are intensifying demand for protein-rich animal feed. China being the world’s largest soybean importer shipped in over 97 million metric tons in 2023 which is largely to sustain its pork and poultry industries, as per USDA data. This rising dependence on soy-based feed continues to bolster the market's expansion.
The growing adoption of plant-based diets and the increasing production of biofuels are crucial factors driving soybean demand. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), soybean oil accounted for 57% of the feedstock used in U.S. biodiesel production in 2022, as governments worldwide push for renewable energy. Simultaneously, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that global soy protein market revenue exceeded $10 billion in 2023, driven by rising consumer preference for plant-based proteins. The European Union’s sustainability mandates and the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) further promote soybean oil usage in biodiesel. This dual-purpose demand i.e. both in food and energy continues to propel soybean market growth with increasing investment in sustainable agriculture.
Unpredictable climatic conditions and extreme weather events pose a major challenge to soybean production, affecting both yield and supply stability. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), severe droughts in the U.S. Midwest reduced soybean yields in 2022 to 50.2 bushels per acre, a decline from previous projections. Similarly, as per the Buenos Aires Grain Exchange, Argentina's soybean production fell by 40% in 2023, dropping to 25 million metric tons due to prolonged drought conditions. These climate-induced disruptions not only reduce overall supply but also contribute to price volatility are impacting both farmers and global trade. The dependency on resilient crop varieties and adaptive farming practices is growing with increasing concerns about rising temperatures and erratic rainfall.
Trade policies and geopolitical conflicts significantly influence the soybean market which is affecting exports and pricing dynamics. The U.S.-China trade war led to a sharp decline in U.S. soybean exports to China and thereby dropping from $12 billion in 2017 to $3.1 billion in 2018, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Ongoing uncertainties continue to impact the market despite the improvements in trade agreements since 2020 . Additionally, the European Union’s deforestation regulations which limit imports of soy linked to land degradation, could reduce demand for South American soybeans. Brazil, the world’s largest exporter, shipped over 92 million metric tons in 2023, as per the Brazilian National Supply Company (CONAB), but faces increasing scrutiny over environmental concerns. These factors create volatility in global trade flows.
The increasing consumer preference for sustainable and non-GMO soybeans presents a significant growth opportunity for the market. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), non-GMO soybeans accounted for approximately 7% of total U.S. soybean production in 2023 with rising demand in Europe and Japan where non-GMO certification is highly valued. The European Union has imposed strict regulations on genetically modified crops, leading to higher imports of certified organic and non-GMO soybeans from the U.S. and Brazil. Additionally, the U.S. organic soybean market exceeded $700 million in 2022, as per the Agricultural Marketing Resource Center (AgMRC). This trend reflects growing investments in sustainable farming practices, carbon-neutral soy production, and traceable supply chains, creating long-term market potential.
Beyond food and feed, soybeans are gaining traction in industrial applications including bioplastics, lubricants, and adhesives. It is driven by the push for sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based products. According to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), soy-based bioplastics have seen an annual growth rate of 6%, with increasing adoption in packaging, automotive, and construction industries. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) highlights that soy-based biodiesel production reached 2.6 billion gallons in 2023, supporting renewable energy mandates. Furthermore, soy-derived adhesives are replacing formaldehyde-based resins in plywood and furniture production, reducing toxic emissions. As industries shift toward bio-based and eco-friendly materials, soybean-based innovations are expected to create lucrative opportunities for market expansion in the coming years.
The intensification of soybean farming is leading to soil degradation and declining land productivity, posing a long-term challenge to the market. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), continuous soybean monocropping depletes essential soil nutrients, increasing dependency on chemical fertilizers. In Brazil, the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply reported that over 45% of agricultural land shows signs of degradation due to deforestation-driven soybean expansion. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) warns that poor soil management could lead to a 10-15% reduction in soybean yields in major producing countries by 2035. Farmers face rising costs for fertilizers and soil restoration due to declining fertility which is impacting long-term sustainability and profitability in soybean cultivation.
Frequent logistics bottlenecks and transportation inefficiencies present a major challenge to the soybean market, particularly in key exporting regions. The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) highlighted that Mississippi River water levels dropped to historic lows in 2023, affecting barge shipments of soybeans from the Midwest to export terminals. In Brazil, the National Confederation of Transport (CNT) reported that over 60% of soybean exports rely on truck transport, but poor infrastructure and port congestion delay shipments, leading to export losses. Additionally, global container shortages and rising freight costs which is exacerbated by geopolitical conflicts are further straining supply chains. These inefficiencies contribute to higher prices, delivery delays, and reduced market competitiveness for soybean exporters worldwide.
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REPORT METRIC |
DETAILS |
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Market Size Available |
2024 to 2033 |
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Base Year |
2024 |
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Forecast Period |
2025 to 2033 |
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CAGR |
4.28% |
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Segments Covered |
By Nature, Form, End Use, and Region |
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Various Analyses Covered |
Global, Regional & Country Level Analysis; Segment-Level Analysis, DROC, PESTLE Analysis, Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, Competitive Landscape, Analyst Overview of Investment Opportunities |
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Regions Covered |
North America, Europe, APAC, Latin America, Middle East & Africa |
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Market Leaders Profiled |
Kerry Group plc, Fuji Oil Group, House Foods Corporation, Danone North America, DuPont de Nemours, Inc. CHS Inc. Cargill, Inc., Scoular, Archer-Daniels-Midland Co. (ADM), and Nordic Soya Oy |
The genetically modified (GMO) segment dominated the market by accounting for 90.2% of its acreage in major producing countries. For instance, in the United States, the USDA Economic Research Service reports that more than 90% of soybean acres were planted with genetically engineered seeds as of 2024. This prevalence is attributed to benefits such as herbicide tolerance, pest resistance, and higher yield potential, which enhance farmers' productivity and profitability. The widespread adoption of GMO soybeans underscores their importance in meeting global demand for food, feed, and biofuels.
Conversely, the Non-GMO soybean segment is undergoing a notable surge and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.4% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by increasing consumer demand for organic and non-GMO products, particularly in regions like Europe and Asia, where consumers are more inclined towards natural and sustainably sourced foods. The USDA's National Weekly Non-GMO/GE Grain Report indicates that non-GMO soybeans often command a price premium of around 10% to 15% over genetically modified (GMO) soybeans, reflecting the growing consumer inclination towards non-GMO options. The rising preference for non-GMO soybeans is significant as it encourages agricultural diversity, supports sustainable farming practices, and caters to a growing market segment that prioritizes health and environmental considerations.
The processed soybean segment holds the greater share in the global soybean market and captured 71.4% of the global market share in 2024. The dominance of the processed soybean segment is due to the extensive use of processed soy products such as soybean meal and soybean oil. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), in 2022, the global consumption of soybean meal for animal feed was estimated at 289 million metric tons. Soybean meal is a primary component in animal feed, particularly for poultry and swine, while soybean oil is widely utilized in cooking oils, margarine, and as a feedstock for biodiesel production. The high demand for these derivatives underscores the segment's significance in supporting both the agricultural and energy sectors.
Conversely, the raw soybean segment is encountering a steeper growth and is estimated to witness a CAGR of 5.9% from 2025 to 2033. This acceleration is driven by increasing exports of whole soybeans to meet the rising global demand, particularly in countries like China, which imports substantial quantities for domestic processing. In 2022, China was the largest importer of soybeans, with the U.S. alone exporting 60.7 million metric tons of soybeans to China, as reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). This demand is largely for domestic processing, where raw soybeans are transformed into soy products like oil, tofu, and soy milk. Additionally, the growing popularity of whole soy foods such as edamame and soy nuts, recognized for their health benefits, contributes to this segment's rapid expansion. The emphasis on raw soybeans highlights their importance in international trade and as a foundation for various soy-based products.
The animal feed segment led the market by occupying a share of 65.6% in the global market in 2024. This dominance is primarily due to the extensive use of soybean meal as a high-protein feed ingredient for livestock, particularly in the poultry and swine industries. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), approximately 97% of soybean meal produced in the U.S. is used for animal feed, highlighting the critical role soybeans play in supporting global meat production. The reliance on soybean meal in animal nutrition highlights its importance in meeting the protein requirements of livestock and sustaining the meat supply chain.
On the other hand, the industrial use segment is witnessing the rapid growth and is estimated to register a CAGR of 26.57% over the forecast period. This rapid expansion is driven by increasing applications of soy derivatives in various industrial products. For instance, soy-based biodiesel has gained traction as a renewable energy source, contributing to the segment's growth. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, biodiesel production in the U.S. reached approximately 1.7 billion gallons in 2021, with soybean oil being the primary feedstock for biodiesel, making up about 70% of biodiesel production. This has positioned soybeans as an integral part of the green energy movement. Additionally, soy components are utilized in the production of bioplastics, lubricants, and solvents, reflecting a shift towards sustainable and eco-friendly materials in industrial processes. The versatility of soy in industrial applications not only diversifies its market but also aligns with global initiatives promoting environmental sustainability.
North America dominated the soybean market and held 35.3% of the worldwide market share in 2024. The U.S. alone produced 113 million metric tons of soybeans, making it the second-largest global producer after Brazil. North America’s leadership stems from high-yield farming techniques, advanced biotechnology adoption (94% of U.S. soybeans are genetically modified), and strong export infrastructure. Additionally, over 60% of U.S. soybean exports are destined for China, the EU, and Mexico, driving its global significance. The U.S. soybean industry contributed over $115 billion to the economy in 2023 and is reinforcing its pivotal role in global trade and food security.
Asia-Pacific is the quickest accelerating region in the soybean market and is anticipated to record a CAGR of 5.8% from 2023 to 2033. This growth is primarily driven by China, India, and Southeast Asia, where demand for soybean meal in the livestock and aquaculture sectors is surging. China, the largest soybean importer globally, purchased over 97 million metric tons in 2023, as per the USDA, fueling regional demand. Additionally, rising adoption of plant-based diets and soy-based food products, such as tofu, soy milk, and textured vegetable proteins, further accelerates growth. India’s soybean production reached 14 million metric tons in 2023, supported by government initiatives promoting oilseed self-sufficiency. The expansion of biofuel industries in Indonesia and Malaysia also contributes to the region’s rapid market expansion.
Europe is expected to experience moderate growth in the global soybean market over the forecast period and is largely driven by the demand for non-GMO soybeans and plant-based proteins. According to the European Commission, the European Union imported over 30 million metric tons of soybeans and soymeal in 2023, with a strong preference for certified sustainable and non-GMO soybeans from North America and Brazil. The region’s growing vegan and vegetarian population is also driving the market, with the EU soy-based food market surpassing €3 billion in 2022, as reported by the European Plant-based Foods Association. Additionally, EU deforestation regulations will likely reshape import sources, favoring sustainable production and increasing reliance on regional soybean cultivation in France, Ukraine, and Italy.
Latin America remains a key driver of global soybean production, with Brazil and Argentina leading the market. According to the Brazilian National Supply Company (CONAB), Brazil’s soybean production is expected to exceed 160 million metric tons by 2030, reinforcing its position as the world’s largest exporter. Argentina, despite facing climate-related setbacks, remains a major supplier of soymeal and soybean oil, exporting over 25 million metric tons of soymeal in 2023, per the Buenos Aires Grain Exchange. Increased investments in biofuel industries and the expansion of soybean-planted areas in Paraguay and Bolivia are also contributing to growth. However, political instability and infrastructure challenges may impact export logistics in certain regions.
The Middle East & Africa (MEA) soybean market is fueled by rising demand for soybean meal in animal feed. Countries like Egypt and South Africa are emerging as major soybean processors, with Egypt importing over 3.5 million metric tons in 2023, as per the USDA. Saudi Arabia and the UAE are also investing in soybean crushing plants to reduce reliance on imports. In Africa, the expansion of poultry and aquaculture industries is driving growth, but limited agricultural infrastructure and import dependency remain challenges for local production scalability.
Major Players of the soybean Market include Kerry Group plc, Fuji Oil Group, House Foods Corporation, Danone North America, DuPont de Nemours, Inc. CHS Inc. Cargill, Inc., Scoular, Archer-Daniels-Midland Co. (ADM), and Nordic Soya Oy
The global soybean market is highly competitive, driven by large multinational agribusinesses, regional processors, and emerging market players. Major companies such as Cargill, Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), and Bunge Limited dominate the industry through large-scale production, global processing networks, and advanced supply chain capabilities. These firms control a significant share of global soybean exports, particularly from North and South America, where Brazil, the U.S., and Argentina account for over 80% of global soybean production, according to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
Competition is further intensified by regional soybean processors in China, India, and the European Union, which focus on non-GMO and organic soybean processing to meet local regulatory and consumer demands. The rise of plant-based protein companies and biofuel producers has also increased competition, as demand for soy protein isolates, concentrates, and soybean oil grows.
Trade policies, geopolitical tensions, and sustainability regulations play a critical role in shaping competition. The European Union’s deforestation-free import rules and China’s shifting import preferences force major exporters to adopt traceable and sustainable farming practices. In response, leading firms are investing in supply chain transparency, digital agriculture, and alternative soy applications to maintain a competitive edge.
Expansion of Sustainable and Non-GMO Soybean Supply Chains
Leading soybean market players, including Cargill, Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), and Bunge, are focusing on sustainable and non-GMO soybean production to meet global regulatory requirements and consumer preferences. Cargill has committed to achieving 100% deforestation-free soy supply chains by 2025, as per its sustainability reports. ADM has expanded its organic and non-GMO soybean offerings, supplying markets in Europe and Japan, where demand for certified sustainable soy is growing. Bunge is implementing blockchain-based traceability solutions to monitor soybean sourcing and reduce environmental risks in compliance with the EU’s deforestation regulation.
Strategic Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) for Market Expansion
Mergers and acquisitions remain a key strategy for expanding processing capacities and global market presence. In 2023, Bunge merged with Viterra, a major grain trader, increasing its footprint in soybean processing and exports across South America and Asia. ADM has been acquiring alternative protein and plant-based food companies, strengthening its soy protein isolate and concentrate production for plant-based meat markets. These consolidations enhance supply chain efficiencies and competitive positioning in key regions.
Investment in Alternative Protein and Soy-Based Innovations
The rising demand for plant-based protein and biofuels has prompted companies to invest in new product development. ADM has invested over $300 million in research for soy protein-based meat substitutes, per USDA reports. Cargill is expanding its soy-based biodiesel production, leveraging government incentives under the U.S. Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS). These innovations help companies diversify revenue streams while capitalizing on emerging trends.
Geographical Expansion in High-Growth Markets
Soybean market leaders are expanding their operations in high-growth regions like Asia-Pacific and Latin America to strengthen supply chains and tap into growing demand. Bunge and ADM have increased their investments in soybean crushing plants in China and India, where demand for soymeal in poultry and aquaculture feed is surging. Cargill has expanded its processing plants in Brazil and Argentina, ensuring a steady supply for export-heavy markets like China. These expansions reinforce their dominance in the global soybean trade.
Cargill Incorporated is one of the largest agribusiness companies in the world, significantly contributing to the global soybean trade, processing, and export. The company processes over 60 million metric tons of soybeans annually and operates major crushing facilities across North America, South America, and Asia. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Cargill accounted for over 15% of total U.S. soybean exports in 2023. The company plays a key role in soybean oil and meal production, catering to livestock feed, food manufacturing, and biofuel industries. Cargill is also expanding its sustainable and non-GMO soybean supply chains, partnering with Brazil and Argentina to promote deforestation-free soy farming.
ADM is a global leader in soybean processing and supply, operating one of the largest networks of soybean crushing facilities worldwide. The company processed over 40 million metric tons of soybeans in 2023, according to the USDA, supplying soybean meal for animal feed and soy oil for biodiesel and food applications. ADM has also expanded its presence in plant-based protein markets, developing soy protein isolates and concentrates used in alternative meat and dairy products. With strong market share in North America, Europe, and Asia, ADM is driving innovation in sustainable agriculture, investing in carbon-neutral soy farming practices to align with global environmental regulations.
Bunge Limited is one of the largest soybean exporters globally, supplying soymeal, soy oil, and raw soybeans to key markets like China, the EU, and Latin America. In 2023, Bunge handled over 60 million metric tons of soybeans, as reported by Brazil’s National Supply Company (CONAB), with Brazil accounting for 70% of its exports. Bunge is a leader in oilseed processing, with facilities in over 40 countries, ensuring a robust supply chain for livestock feed and biodiesel industries. The company is also investing in regenerative agriculture and traceability systems, helping farmers comply with sustainability-driven import policies, especially in Europe and North America.
This research report on the global soybean market has been segmented and sub-segmented based on nature, form, end use, and region.
By Nature
By Form
By End-use
By Region
Frequently Asked Questions
Increasing demand for plant-based protein, expanding animal feed industry, rising biodiesel production, and technological advancements in agriculture.
Key trends include rising demand for organic and non-GMO soybeans, growing use in plant-based meat alternatives, and expanding soybean exports to Asia, especially China.
The market is projected to grow at a steady CAGR, driven by increasing global population, rising health consciousness, and government policies promoting sustainable agriculture.
Leading companies include Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), Cargill, Bunge Limited, Wilmar International, and Louis Dreyfus Company, along with key soybean exporters like the U.S., Brazil, and Argentina.
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